G20 Global Health Summit-Brazil

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms develop methods to protect themselves against the effects of antimicrobials. Antibiotic resistance is a subset of AMR that refers to bacteria that develop resistance to antibiotics.

Infections caused by unaffected bacteria are more difficult to treat, necessitating greater antibiotic doses or alternative treatments that may be more hazardous. These approaches may be more expensive as well. Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are those that are resistant to numerous antimicrobials.

• Limiting a drug's intake
• Changing a drug's target
• Drug inactivation
• Drug efflux that is active